かい (kai)
かい — a casual, friendly yes/no question ending
Pattern
-
普通形 + かい元気だ → 元気かい / 行く → 行くかい -
普通形 + のかいAdding の makes it a gentle, curious question: 行くのかい
Where it comes from
It is the question か with a softening い added. It sounds a little friendlier and gentler than a bare か. Nouns and na-adjectives take no だ (元気かい).
When to use it
Use it to speak to someone close or younger, as in 元気かい。 or 今日は学校へ行くのかい。 It is often the kind, warm tone of a grandparent speaking to a grandchild.
Things to watch
It is not polite and cannot be used with superiors. Young speakers rarely use it today; they say ~の? or ~かな instead.
Examples
-
元気(げんき)かい。
Genki kai.
Are you doing well?
-
今日(きょう)は学校(がっこう)へ行(い)くのかい。
Kyō wa gakkō e iku no kai.
Are you going to school today?
-
その本(ほん)はもう読(よ)んだのかい。
Sono hon wa mō yonda no kai.
Have you read that book yet?
Common mistakes
- Do not use it in polite situations or with superiors; use ~ですか.
- Do not add だ: it is 元気かい, not 元気だかい.
More grammar points
- ばかり ばかり — “nothing but ~ / only ~”
- も 数量+も — “as many / as much as ~” (emphasis)
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
- 間(あいだ)に ~間に — “while ~ (something happens during that time)”
- あまり~ない あまり~ない — “not very ~ / not much”
- 後(あと)で ~あとで — “after ~ / later”
- ば ~ば — the conditional “if ~”
- 場合(ばあい)は ~場合は — “in the case of ~ / if ~”
- だけで ~だけで — “just by ~ / with only ~”
- 出(だ)す ~出す — “start ~ing suddenly”
- でございます ~でございます — the very polite “to be”
- でも 名詞でも — “~ or something / how about ~?”
- ではないか ~ではないか — “isn’t it ~? / isn’t that so?”
- が必要(がひつよう) ~が必要だ — “~ is necessary / needed”
- がする ~がする — sensing a smell, sound, taste or feeling
- がり ~がり — a person who easily feels ~
- がる / がっている ~がる / ~がっている — showing signs of a feeling (third person)
- ございます ございます — the polite “there is / it is”
Practice this in the app
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