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JLPT N3 · Requests, permission & prohibition

わけにはいかない (wake niwa ikanai)

~わけにはいかない — “can’t (afford to) ~”

In short · Says you cannot do something because of social duty, common sense or circumstances, even if you might want to. It attaches to the dictionary form of a verb (or ない-form for the opposite: ないわけにはいかない). Not about physical ability.
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Pattern

  • 動詞辞書形+わけにはいかない can’t do ~ (because of circumstances or duty)
  • 動詞ない形+ないわけにはいかない can’t avoid doing ~ (= have to)

Duty or reason stops you

The speaker has a reason, such as an exam tomorrow or an important promise, that makes the action unacceptable. 休むわけにはいかない: I may want to rest, but I can’t.

Double negative

~ないわけにはいかない reverses it: 行かないわけにはいかない means “I can’t not go”, i.e. “I have to go.” This is a common way to say obligation politely.

Different from できない

できない states ability or possibility. ~わけにはいかない says that the situation or social rule does not allow it, even if you are physically able. The reason is usually stated just before.

Examples

  • 明日(あした)は試験(しけん)だから、休(やす)むわけにはいかない。

    Ashita wa shiken da kara, yasumu wake niwa ikanai.

    Tomorrow is the exam, so I can’t afford to take a day off.

  • 大事(だいじ)な約束(やくそく)だから、遅(おく)れるわけにはいかない。

    Daiji na yakusoku da kara, okureru wake niwa ikanai.

    It’s an important appointment, so I can’t afford to be late.

  • みんなが待(ま)っているので、ここで諦(あきら)めるわけにはいかない。

    Minna ga matte iru node, koko de akirameru wake niwa ikanai.

    Everyone is waiting, so I can’t just give up here.

Common mistakes

  • Use the dictionary form before わけ (休むわけにはいかない). Do not use it for plain inability (e.g. “can’t swim”): use できない.
  • ないわけにはいかない means “must”, not “must not”. Watch the double negative.

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