わけにはいかない (wake niwa ikanai)
~わけにはいかない — “can’t (afford to) ~”
Pattern
-
動詞辞書形+わけにはいかないcan’t do ~ (because of circumstances or duty) -
動詞ない形+ないわけにはいかないcan’t avoid doing ~ (= have to)
Duty or reason stops you
The speaker has a reason, such as an exam tomorrow or an important promise, that makes the action unacceptable. 休むわけにはいかない: I may want to rest, but I can’t.
Double negative
~ないわけにはいかない reverses it: 行かないわけにはいかない means “I can’t not go”, i.e. “I have to go.” This is a common way to say obligation politely.
Different from できない
できない states ability or possibility. ~わけにはいかない says that the situation or social rule does not allow it, even if you are physically able. The reason is usually stated just before.
Examples
-
明日(あした)は試験(しけん)だから、休(やす)むわけにはいかない。
Ashita wa shiken da kara, yasumu wake niwa ikanai.
Tomorrow is the exam, so I can’t afford to take a day off.
-
大事(だいじ)な約束(やくそく)だから、遅(おく)れるわけにはいかない。
Daiji na yakusoku da kara, okureru wake niwa ikanai.
It’s an important appointment, so I can’t afford to be late.
-
みんなが待(ま)っているので、ここで諦(あきら)めるわけにはいかない。
Minna ga matte iru node, koko de akirameru wake niwa ikanai.
Everyone is waiting, so I can’t just give up here.
Common mistakes
- Use the dictionary form before わけ (休むわけにはいかない). Do not use it for plain inability (e.g. “can’t swim”): use できない.
- ないわけにはいかない means “must”, not “must not”. Watch the double negative.
More grammar points
- ばいい ~ばいい — you just have to ~, it is fine to just ~
- べきだ ~べきだ — should ~, ought to ~
- べきではない ~べきではない — should not ~
- こと ~こと — must ~ (written rule or instruction)
- ことはない ~ことはない — there is no need to ~
- てごらん ~てごらん — gentle “try ~ing”
- ても構(かま)わない ~ても構わない — “I don't mind if ~ / it's all right to ~”
- 上(あ)げる ~上げる — to finish ~ completely
- あまり あまりの~に — so ~ that ~
- あまりにも あまりにも — far too ~, excessively
- 合(あ)う ~合う — do ~ to each other; to fit, to suit
- ばよかった ~ばよかった — I should have ~, if only I had ~
- ば~ほど ~ば~ほど — the more ~, the more ~
- ば~のに ~ば~のに — if only ~, then ~ (regret)
- ばかりで ~ばかりで — only ~ (and nothing else, with a negative feeling)
- ばかりでなく ~ばかりでなく — not only ~ but also ~
- 別(べつ)に~ない 別に~ない — not particularly ~
- ぶりに ~ぶりに — for the first time in ~ (a period)
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