なかなか~ない (nakanaka~nai)
なかなか~ない — “not easily ~ / just won't ~”
Pattern
-
なかなか + 動詞ない形(〜ない)なかなか来ない / なかなか解けない -
なかなか + 可能形の否定(〜られない・〜けない)Often with potential negatives: なかなか寝られない
Where it comes from
The adverb なかなか with an affirmative means “quite, better than expected” (なかなか上手だ); with a negative it means “not easily ~.” This entry is the negative pattern.
When to use it
Use it when waiting does not bring what you want: バスがなかなか来ない, 問題がなかなか解けない. The verbs are usually ones that proceed naturally, or negative potentials, rather than deliberate actions.
Things to watch
Unlike 全然~ない, it leaves room for it to happen eventually; it just takes time. It is common when expectations are not met, as in 約束の時間になっても、友だちはなかなか来ない.
Examples
-
バスがなかなか来(こ)ない。
Basu ga nakanaka konai.
The bus just won't come.
-
この問題(もんだい)はなかなか解(と)けない。
Kono mondai wa nakanaka tokenai.
This problem just won't get solved easily.
-
約束(やくそく)の時間(じかん)になっても、友(とも)だちはなかなか来(こ)ない。
Yakusoku no jikan ni natte mo, tomodachi wa nakanaka konai.
Even when the promised time comes, my friend just won't show up.
Common mistakes
- Pair it with a negative. The affirmative なかなか上手だ means “better than expected,” a different meaning.
- 全然~ない means “not at all”; なかなか~ない means “not easily, it takes time.”
More grammar points
- あまり~ない あまり~ない — “not very ~ / not much”
- だけで ~だけで — “just by ~ / with only ~”
- の中(なか)で ~の中で — “among ~ / within ~”
- そんなに そんなに — “that much / so ~”
- より ~より — than ~
- 全然(ぜんぜん)~ない 全然~ない — not at all ~
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
- 間(あいだ)に ~間に — “while ~ (something happens during that time)”
- 後(あと)で ~あとで — “after ~ / later”
- ば ~ば — the conditional “if ~”
- 場合(ばあい)は ~場合は — “in the case of ~ / if ~”
- ばかり ばかり — “nothing but ~ / only ~”
- 出(だ)す ~出す — “start ~ing suddenly”
- でございます ~でございます — the very polite “to be”
- でも 名詞でも — “~ or something / how about ~?”
- ではないか ~ではないか — “isn’t it ~? / isn’t that so?”
- が必要(がひつよう) ~が必要だ — “~ is necessary / needed”
- がする ~がする — sensing a smell, sound, taste or feeling
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