なんか / なんて / など (nanka / nante / nado)
~なんか/~なんて/~など — “things like ~” and belittling
Pattern
-
名詞+なんか/なんて/などnoun + なんか: “things like ~,” often belittling -
普通形(動詞・形容詞)+なんてplain form + なんて: surprise or disbelief (“to think that ~”)
Looking down on something
Added to a noun, as in 運動なんて or 宿題なんか, it means “something like that” or “it is nothing much.” It is usually followed by a negative expression such as 〜ない or 〜したくない.
Surprise with なんて
After a clause, as in 自分が一等を取るなんて, it expresses “to think that ~,” and is often followed by 信じられない or すごい. など does the same job in writing or formal speech. Avoid using なんか about the other person’s belongings or work, as it sounds rude.
Examples
-
運動(うんどう)なんて全然(ぜんぜん)したくない。
Undō nante zenzen shitakunai.
I don't want to exercise at all.
なんて after a noun shows a dismissive feeling.
-
宿題(しゅくだい)なんか、明日(あした)やればいい。
Shukudai nanka, ashita yareba ii.
Homework and the like can just be done tomorrow.
なんか treats the homework as not very important.
-
まさか自分(じぶん)が一等(いっとう)を取(と)るなんて、信(しん)じられない。
Masaka jibun ga ittō o toru nante, shinjirarenai.
I can't believe that I of all people took first prize.
After a clause, なんて expresses surprise (“to think that ~”).
Common mistakes
- なんか and なんて are casual. In reports or formal situations use など.
- Using it about the listener or their things or work can sound disrespectful.
More grammar points
- ばよかった ~ばよかった — I should have ~, if only I had ~
- ばかりで ~ばかりで — only ~ (and nothing else, with a negative feeling)
- ばかりでなく ~ばかりでなく — not only ~ but also ~
- だけでなく ~だけでなく — not only ~ but also ~
- だけど だけど — but, however (casual)
- ふりをする ~ふりをする — pretending to ~
- 一方(いっぽう)だ ~一方だ — keeps ~ing in one direction
- 一体(いったい) 一体 — what on earth ~ (emphasizing a question)
- じゃない ~じゃない — isn't it ~! (surprise or confirmation)
- か何(なに)か ~か何か — ~ or something
- 代(か)わりに ~代わりに — instead of ~, in return for ~
- 結局(けっきょく) 結局 — in the end, after all
- きり ~きり — only ~; ever since ~
- っけ ~っけ — was it ~? (recalling)
- ことになっている ~ことになっている — it is the rule or plan that ~
- ことは~が ~ことは~が — it is true that ~, but ~
- くせに ~くせに — even though ~ (with reproach)
- も~ば~も A も ~ば B も ~ — both A and B
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