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JLPT N3 · Sentence patterns

きり (kiri)

~きり — only ~; ever since ~

In short · Has two uses: after a noun or quantity it means 'only,' and after a past-form verb it means 'since that one time, nothing further happened.' A negative statement often follows.
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Pattern

  • Vた+きり(+否定) Past form + きり
  • N/数量+きり Noun / quantity + きり

After a verb

会ったきり and 出かけたきり mean that action was the last one, with no later development. A negative or worrying statement often follows: 出かけたきり帰ってこない.

After a noun

In 二人きり or それっきり it means 'only' or 'nothing more.' Compared with だけ, it carries a feeling of regret or specialness. 一度きり works the same way.

Examples

  • 彼(かれ)とは一度(いちど)会(あ)ったきりです。

    Kare to wa ichido atta kiri desu.

    I've only met him once.

  • 祖父(そふ)は朝(あさ)出(で)かけたきり、まだ帰(かえ)ってこない。

    Sofu wa asa dekaketa kiri, mada kaette konai.

    My grandfather went out in the morning and still hasn't come back.

  • 大事(だいじ)な話(はなし)があるので、二人(ふたり)きりで会(あ)いたい。

    Daiji na hanashi ga aru node, futarikiri de aitai.

    I have something important to discuss, so I want to meet just the two of us.

Common mistakes

  • With verbs it follows the past form; 行くきり is wrong.
  • After verb + きり a negative statement usually follows. 出かけたきり、元気だ is awkward.

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