切(き)れない (kirenai)
~切れない — cannot finish, cannot fully ~
Pattern
-
Vます形(ます抜き)+切れないVerb stem + 切れない
Meaning and form
切る here means 'to the end,' so its negative potential 切れない means 'cannot do it to the end': 食べ切れない, 使い切れない, 数え切れない, 言い表し切れない. The positive ~切れる also exists.
Extended use
It covers not only physical amounts but also feelings and degrees that cannot be fully expressed: 信じ切れない, 言い表し切れない. 数え切れないほど means 'so many one cannot count.'
Examples
-
料理(りょうり)が多(おお)すぎて食(た)べ切(き)れない。
Ryōri ga ōsugite tabekirenai.
There's too much food; I can't finish it all.
-
お店(みせ)には数(かぞ)え切(き)れないほどの商品(しょうひん)が並(なら)んでいる。
Omise ni wa kazoekirenai hodo no shōhin ga narande iru.
The shop has more products than one can count.
-
この一年(いちねん)の思(おも)い出(で)は言葉(ことば)では表(あらわ)し切(き)れない。
Kono ichinen no omoide wa kotoba de wa arawashikirenai.
I can't fully put this year's memories into words.
Common mistakes
- Do not keep ます: 食べ切れない, not 食べますきれない.
- This 切る is not 'to cut'; it means 'to do to the end.'
More grammar points
- 上(あ)げる ~上げる — to finish ~ completely
- 合(あ)う ~合う — do ~ to each other; to fit, to suit
- だらけ ~だらけ — covered in ~, full of ~ (something bad)
- がち ~がち — tends to ~ (usually undesirable)
- がたい ~がたい — hard to ~
- 気味(ぎみ) ~気味 — a touch of ~
- かける ~かける — half-done, in the middle of ~
- 切(き)る ~切る — do ~ completely, to the end
- 込(こ)む ~込む — into, crowded, deeply ~
- 向(む)け ~向け — intended for ~, aimed at ~
- 向(む)き ~向き — suited to ~, facing ~
- 直(なお)す ~直す — do ~ over again
- っぱなし ~っぱなし — leaving ~ as it is
- っぽい ~っぽい — ~-ish / tends to be ~
- たて ~たて — “freshly ~ed / just done”
- 的(てき) ~的 — “-like / -al” (makes an adjective)
- 通(とお)す ~通す — “do ~ all the way through”
- あまり あまりの~に — so ~ that ~
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