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JLPT N3 · Time & sequence

ふと (futo)

ふと — suddenly, on an impulse

In short · An adverb for doing or noticing something suddenly, with no particular reason or plan. It is followed by actions of noticing, recalling, or glancing.
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Pattern

  • ふと+V(過去形が多い) ふと + verb (often past tense)

Meaning and use

ふと describes something that happens suddenly and without a plan: ふと思い出す (suddenly recall), ふと気づく (notice), ふと見ると (when I happened to look). It fits near-unconscious actions like recalling, noticing and glancing.

Compared with 突然

突然 is for abrupt events; ふと is for a thought or small action that arises unexpectedly. It is not used with deliberate actions such as studying or shopping.

Examples

  • ふと窓(まど)の外(そと)を見(み)ると、雪(ゆき)が降(ふ)っていた。

    Futo mado no soto o miru to, yuki ga futte ita.

    When I happened to glance outside, it was snowing.

  • ふと子(こ)どもの頃(ころ)のことを思(おも)い出(だ)した。

    Futo kodomo no koro no koto o omoidashita.

    I suddenly recalled my childhood.

  • 歩(ある)いていると、ふといい考(かんが)えが浮(う)かんだ。

    Aruite iru to, futo ii kangae ga ukanda.

    While walking, a good idea suddenly came to me.

Common mistakes

  • Do not use it with deliberate actions: ふと勉強した sounds wrong.
  • It is not the same as 突然. For big events such as an earthquake, use 突然.

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