Conditionals (if ~)

② Nepali grammar rules

1. Condition + भने

पानी पर्यो भने म जाँदिनँ (if it rains, I will not go) gives an if-condition. यदि can make if explicit but is optional.
Place भने after the condition in यदि…भने….

2. Past-looking form in a future condition

भोलि पानी पर्यो भने (if it rains tomorrow) can refer to rain tomorrow.
The form पर्यो does not force a report that rain has already occurred; the conditional supposes the occurrence as completed.

3. छ भने (if there is; if someone is) versus भयो भने (if it happens/comes about)

समय छ भने (if there is time) conditions on having time; समय भयो भने (if time becomes available/when the time comes) can condition on time becoming available/the time arriving.
The state/occurrence contrast survives inside a conditional.

4. नभए versus भए पनि (even if/although it is)

समय नभए (if there is no time) means if there is no time; समय भए पनि (even if there is time) even if there is time.
Prefix न negates the condition; -ए पनि (even if/although, part of a linking pattern) makes it concessive.

5. Conditional versus temporal link

जब आउनुहुन्छ (when you/he/she comes, respectful), तब… links the time of arrival; आउनुभयो भने (if you/he/she comes, respectful)… conditions on an arrival.
The speech verb भन्नु in भन्नुभयो has a separate role from conditional भने.

भने can mark the condition even without यदि.