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JLPT N4 · Sentence patterns

のに (noni)

~のに — “even though ~” (against expectation)

In short · Used when the result goes against what you expected. It follows the plain form (noun and na-adjective take なのに) and carries feelings of surprise, complaint or regret.
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Pattern

  • 普通形+のに Verbs and i-adjectives stay in plain form (勉強したのに / 寒いのに)
  • 名詞・な形容詞+なのに Nouns and na-adjectives take な (春なのに / 静かなのに)

Meaning

It joins two real facts where the second is the opposite of what the first would lead you to expect: 頑張ったのに落ちた (I tried hard, yet I failed). Both parts are things that actually happened or are true.

Notes

The speaker usually feels surprise, annoyance or regret. After のに you cannot place a command, request or intention (~てください, ~しよう). For a neutral “but”, use が or けれど instead.

Examples

  • 一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい)勉強(べんきょう)したのに、試験(しけん)に落(お)ちました。

    Isshōkenmei benkyō shita noni, shiken ni ochimashita.

    Even though I studied hard, I failed the exam.

  • もう春(はる)なのに、まだ寒(さむ)い。

    Mō haru na noni, mada samui.

    Even though it is already spring, it is still cold.

  • 薬(くすり)を飲(の)んだのに、熱(ねつ)が下(さ)がらない。

    Kusuri o nonda noni, netsu ga sagaranai.

    Even though I took medicine, my fever won't go down.

Common mistakes

  • With nouns and na-adjectives use なのに, not だのに (春なのに).
  • Do not follow のに with a request, command or intention (× 勉強したのに、手伝ってください).

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