JLPTMainichi JLPT
English
JLPT N4 · Guessing & hearsay

そうに / そうな (sou ni / sou na)

~そうに / ~そうな — adverb and modifier forms of “looks ~”

In short · The adverbial そうに and the noun-modifying そうな forms of appearance そうだ: 楽しそうに遊ぶ, 眠そうな顔.
A free study page from Mainichi JLPT — the app has 429+ grammar points, plus vocabulary and mock exams.See the app

Pattern

  • 語幹+そうに+動詞 Stem + そうに + verb (楽しそうに遊ぶ)
  • 語幹+そうな+名詞 Stem + そうな + noun (眠そうな顔)

How to use it

そうに describes how an action is done; そうな describes a noun. The stem is made the same way as for ~そうだ.

Feelings of others

Another person’s feelings are hard to state directly, so そう is often used: 楽しそう, 寒そう. For your own feelings you can simply say 楽しい.

Examples

  • 子(こ)どもたちは楽(たの)しそうに遊(あそ)んでいます。

    Kodomo-tachi wa tanoshisō ni asonde imasu.

    The children are playing happily.

  • 彼(かれ)は眠(ねむ)そうな顔(かお)をしている。

    Kare wa nemusō na kao o shite iru.

    He has a sleepy-looking face.

  • 犬(いぬ)が寒(さむ)そうにふるえている。

    Inu ga samusō ni furuete iru.

    The dog is shivering as if it's cold.

Common mistakes

  • そうに goes before a verb, そうな before a noun.
  • いい and ない become よさそうに and なさそうな.

More grammar points

Practice this in the app

Mainichi JLPT turns these grammar points into daily quizzes and a readiness gauge — 100% free, no sign-up.

See the app