JLPT N5 · Sentence patterns
その (sono)
その+名詞 — “that ~ (near you / just mentioned)”
In short · その points to a thing or person close to the listener, or to something just mentioned. It always comes right before a noun. The set is この (near me), その (near you), あの (far from both), どの (which).
Pattern
-
その+名詞that ~ near you (その本, その店) -
その+名詞+を/は/がwith particles (そのペンを取る)
Near the listener
When you point at something near the person you speak to, use その: その本はわたしのです (that book near you is mine).
Something just mentioned
その also refers to something you or the other person just talked about. ペンを買いました。そのペンは安かったです (I bought a pen. That pen was cheap).
Always with a noun
その needs a noun after it. To use it alone, say それ (that one): それは わたしのです.
Examples
-
その 本(ほん)は わたしのです。
Sono hon wa watashi no desu.
That book is mine.
-
そのペンを取(と)ってください。
Sono pen o totte kudasai.
Please take that pen.
-
その店(みせ)は安(やす)いです。
Sono mise wa yasui desu.
That shop is cheap.
Common mistakes
- Do not say そのはなんですか. Use それ when there is no noun.
- For things far from both people, use あの, not その.
More grammar points
- だ / です だ / です — “A is B”
- でも でも — “but / however” at the start of a sentence
- どんな どんな~ — “what kind of ~”
- どうやって どうやって~ — asking “how / by what means”
- があります ~があります — “there is ~” (things)
- がほしい ~がほしい — “I want ~”
- がいます ~がいます — “there is ~” (people and animals)
- い-adjectives い-adjectives — adjectives ending in ~い
- 一緒(いっしょ)に 一緒に~ — “together (with)”
- じゃない・ではない ~じゃない / ~ではない — the negative of だ and です
- か~か A か B — “A or B”
- けど ~けど — casual “but / although”
- けれども ~けれども — a polite “but / although”
- な-adjectives な-adjectives — take な before a noun
- なる ~になる — “to become ~”
- んです ~んです — explaining the situation
- に行(い)く ~に行く — “go to do ~”
- にする ~にする — deciding on / choosing something
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