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JLPT N5 · Sentence patterns

な-adjectives (na-adjectives)

な-adjectives — take な before a noun

In short · Adjectives that take な before a noun, such as 静か, きれい and 大切. As predicates they take です or だ.
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Pattern

  • な形容詞(語幹)+な+名詞 な-adjective stem + な + noun (静かな町)
  • な形容詞(語幹)+です な-adjective stem + です

Before a noun

Add な and then the noun: 静かな町. The stem does not change like an い-adjective’s ending.

As a predicate

Add です at the end. Negative: 静かじゃないです. Past: 静かでした. Connecting: 静かで.

How to tell them apart

Some end in い but are still な-adjectives, such as きれい and ゆうめい. Check a dictionary.

Examples

  • ここは静(しず)かな町(まち)です。

    Koko wa shizuka na machi desu.

    This is a quiet town.

  • これは大切(たいせつ)な本(ほん)です。

    Kore wa taisetsu na hon desu.

    This is an important book.

  • あの人(ひと)は親切(しんせつ)な店員(てんいん)です。

    Ano hito wa shinsetsu na ten'in desu.

    That person is a kind shop clerk.

Common mistakes

  • Do not drop な before a noun (not 静か町).
  • Do not use 〜くない (not 静かくない). The negative is 静かじゃない.

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