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JLPT N5 · Sentence patterns

がいます (ga imasu)

~がいます — “there is ~” (people and animals)

In short · Says that a person or animal is somewhere. The pattern is place に + person or animal が + います. For things, use あります.
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Pattern

  • 場所+に+人・動物+が+います place + に + person / animal + が + います

Basic pattern

に marks the place and が marks who or what is there: 公園に犬がいます.

What it is for

It is used for people and animals such as dogs, cats, teachers and friends, that is, living things that move by themselves.

Having family or friends

It also says someone has relatives or friends, as in 兄弟がいます. The negative is いません.

Examples

  • 公園(こうえん)に犬(いぬ)がいます。

    Kōen ni inu ga imasu.

    There is a dog in the park.

  • 教室(きょうしつ)に先生(せんせい)がいます。

    Kyōshitsu ni sensei ga imasu.

    There is a teacher in the classroom.

  • 家(いえ)に猫(ねこ)がいます。

    Ie ni neko ga imasu.

    There is a cat at home.

Common mistakes

  • Do not use います for objects or plants (not 机の上に本がいます).
  • The negative is いません, not ありません.

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