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JLPT N5 · Verb basics

て (te)

て-form — connecting & requests

In short · The て-form links actions ("do X and then Y"), makes polite requests with ください, and forms the progressive with います.
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Pattern

  • V-て、〜 do V, and then …
  • V-て ください。 Please do V.
  • V-て います。 be doing V (now)

Connecting actions

The て-form joins verbs in sequence: おきて、ごはんを たべて、いきます (get up, eat, and go).

Making requests

V-て + ください is a polite request: ちょっと まって ください (please wait a moment).

Actions in progress

V-て + います means it's happening now: いま たべて います (I'm eating now).

Examples

  • あさ おきて、コーヒーを のみます。

    Asa okite, kōhī o nomimasu.

    I get up in the morning and drink coffee.

  • ここに なまえを かいて ください。

    Koko ni namae o kaite kudasai.

    Please write your name here.

  • いま ごはんを たべて います。

    Ima gohan o tabete imasu.

    I'm eating right now.

Common mistakes

  • Each verb group forms て differently (のむ→のんで, たべる→たべて, する→して) — learn the groups.
  • The て-form alone isn't a complete polite sentence; finish with ください, います, or another verb.

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