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JLPT N5 · Sentence patterns

か~か (ka~ka)

A か B — “A or B”

In short · Joins two or more options and means one of them. Put か between nouns: A か B.
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Pattern

  • 名詞+か+名詞 noun + か + noun (コーヒーか紅茶)
  • 動詞(普通形)+か+動詞 verb plain + か + verb

How to use it

As in コーヒーか紅茶を飲みます, it means one of the two. The last か is normally dropped.

Difference from と

と means both (A and B); か means either one (A or B). The meaning is quite different.

Where the particle goes

The particle goes after the last noun: バスか電車で行きます.

Examples

  • コーヒーか紅茶(こうちゃ)を飲(の)みます。

    Kōhī ka kōcha o nomimasu.

    I'll drink coffee or tea.

  • ペンか鉛筆(えんぴつ)を使(つか)います。

    Pen ka enpitsu o tsukaimasu.

    I use a pen or a pencil.

  • バスか電車(でんしゃ)で行(い)きます。

    Basu ka densha de ikimasu.

    I'll go by bus or train.

Common mistakes

  • か is not “and.” For both, use と.
  • It looks like the question か but works differently.

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